Based on interviews with Ukrainian refugees, bureaucrats and employees of organizations working with Ukrainian refugees, the researchers discuss, among other things:

• what makes some Ukrainians return now, while others leave Ukraine
• how Poland facilitates helping Ukrainian refugees, and whether it is likely that the refugees who are now in Poland will travel on to other countries in Europe if the war in Ukraine becomes protracted
• what it takes for the refugees who have already arrived in Norway to want to return to Ukraine