Anette Brunovskis is a sociologist and researcher at Fafo. Her work focuses on vulnerability, migration, and how people in difficult life situations encounter public services and support systems.
Her research covers labour exploitation, mobility, prostitution, living conditions, mental health and everyday life among military veterans and their families, as well as access to services for groups in vulnerable or marginalized positions
She holds a PhD in sociology from the University of Oslo. Her dissertation examined how local institutions handle the identification, assistance and follow up of people exposed to exploitation, and how international frameworks are translated into practice in Norway and Moldova.
Brunovskis primarily works with qualitative methods and has extensive experience with in depth interviews on sensitive topics and fieldwork in Norway, Albania, Belgium, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Serbia and Ukraine.
She also has experience from projects that combine qualitative and quantitative approaches, as well as from ethical and methodological work in studies involving so called hard to reach populations.
In this project, Fafo will examine labour exploitation in the grey areas between social dumping and human trafficking for forced labor. The project is commissioned by the Ministry of Labour and Social Inclusion in collaboration with the Ministry of Justice and Public Security, and will run until November 2025.
In this collaborative project, researchers from Finland, Norway, and Sweden will study practical recommendations and innovative solutions targeting work-related crime and improving workplace environments, with a special emphasis on combating labor exploitation.
Gråsoner i arbeidsutnytting Mellom sosial dumping og menneskehandel til tvangsarbeid
26 November 2025 | Fafo-rapport 2025:32
Kartlegging av innvandrere med d-nummer og langvarig tilknytning til Norge
08 February 2024 | Fafo-notat 2024:03
Arbeidsinnvandreres boligforhold
18 January 2023 | Fafo-rapport 2023:03
Menneskehandel i Norge Personvernvurderinger og datagrunnlag for omfangsestimering
16 June 2022 | Fafo-rapport 2022:14
Grov utnytting av utenlandske arbeidstakere Gråsonen mellom det regulære arbeidslivet og menneskehandel
21 October 2021 | Fafo-rapport 2021:27
På vei mot et vanlig liv, slik du selv definerer det Evaluering av Blå Kors’ gatenære tiltak og tilbudet Steg for Steg
30 June 2021 | Fafo-notat 2021:14
Moderne slaveri – en sammenstilling av nyere litteratur
09 June 2021 | Fafo-notat 2021:11
Menneskehandel i arbeidslivet: Oppdatert sammendragsrapport
16 March 2021 | Fafo-notat 2021:05
Evaluering av Blå Kors’ gatenære tiltak og Steg for Steg En underveisrapportering
11 December 2019 | Fafo-rapport 2019:35
Menneskehandel i arbeidslivet
25 August 2017 | Fafo-report 2017:23
Asylum, integration and irregular migration in Lithuania Policy and practice at the edge of the European Union
05 April 2017 | Fafo-report 2017:12
Vulnerability and exploitation along the Balkan route Identifying victims of human trafficking in Serbia
07 September 2015 | Fafo-report 2015:22
Preventing human trafficking Positive Deviance methodology in practice
06 September 2015 | Fafo-report 2015:21
Reframing trafficking prevention Lessons from a “Positive Deviance” approach
15 February 2013 | Fafo-rapport 2013:29
Erfaringer i fem prostitusjonstiltak gjennom et halvt år Februar til juli 2012
20 February 2012 | Fafo-report 2012:31
Leaving the past behind? When victims of trafficking decline assistance Summary report
18 February 2012 | Fafo-report 2012:30
No place like home? - Challenges in family reintegration after trafficking The Fafo/NEXUS Institute project: Improving services to trafficked persons
17 February 2012 | Fafo-report 2012:29
A fuller picture - Addressing trafficking-related assistance needs and socio-economic vulnerabilities The Fafo/NEXUS Institute project: Improving services to trafficked persons
16 February 2012 | Fafo-report 2012:28
Out of sight? - Approaches and challenges in the identification of trafficked persons The Fafo/NEXUS Institute project: Improving services to trafficked persons
13 March 2010 | Fafo-rapport 2010:45
Pusterom eller ny start? Evaluering av refleksjonsperioden for ofre for menneskehandel
07 March 2007 | Fafo-report 2007:40
Leaving the past behind? When victims of trafficking decline assistance
18 February 2006 | Fafo-rapport 525
Afrikanske drømmer på europeiske gater Nigerianske kvinner i prostitusjon i Norge
28 February 2005 | Fafo-report 493
Taking Stock A review of the existing research on trafficking for sexual exploitation
08 February 2004 | Fafo-report 432
Facing a Baltic Invasion? Mobility of Baltic Labour towards the Nordic Countries
04 February 2004 | Fafo-report 426
Crossing Borders An Empirical Study of Transnational Prostitution and Trafficking in Human Beings
27 January 2003 | Fafo-paper 2003:04
Alcohol Consumption in the Baltic States Developments from 1994 to 1999
24 January 2002 | Fafo-paper 2002:05
Opportunities and Choices Women’s employment and family change in Latvia in the 1990s
Gråsoner i arbeidsutnytting Mellom sosial dumping og menneskehandel til tvangsarbeid
26 November 2025 | Fafo-rapport 2025:32
Kartlegging av innvandrere med d-nummer og langvarig tilknytning til Norge
08 February 2024 | Fafo-notat 2024:03
Arbeidsinnvandreres boligforhold
18 January 2023 | Fafo-rapport 2023:03
Menneskehandel i Norge Personvernvurderinger og datagrunnlag for omfangsestimering
16 June 2022 | Fafo-rapport 2022:14
Grov utnytting av utenlandske arbeidstakere Gråsonen mellom det regulære arbeidslivet og menneskehandel
21 October 2021 | Fafo-rapport 2021:27
På vei mot et vanlig liv, slik du selv definerer det Evaluering av Blå Kors’ gatenære tiltak og tilbudet Steg for Steg
30 June 2021 | Fafo-notat 2021:14
Moderne slaveri – en sammenstilling av nyere litteratur
09 June 2021 | Fafo-notat 2021:11
Menneskehandel i arbeidslivet: Oppdatert sammendragsrapport
16 March 2021 | Fafo-notat 2021:05
Evaluering av Blå Kors’ gatenære tiltak og Steg for Steg En underveisrapportering
11 December 2019 | Fafo-rapport 2019:35
Menneskehandel i arbeidslivet
25 August 2017 | Fafo-report 2017:23
Asylum, integration and irregular migration in Lithuania Policy and practice at the edge of the European Union
05 April 2017 | Fafo-report 2017:12
Vulnerability and exploitation along the Balkan route Identifying victims of human trafficking in Serbia
07 September 2015 | Fafo-report 2015:22
Preventing human trafficking Positive Deviance methodology in practice
06 September 2015 | Fafo-report 2015:21
Reframing trafficking prevention Lessons from a “Positive Deviance” approach
15 February 2013 | Fafo-rapport 2013:29
Erfaringer i fem prostitusjonstiltak gjennom et halvt år Februar til juli 2012
20 February 2012 | Fafo-report 2012:31
Leaving the past behind? When victims of trafficking decline assistance Summary report
18 February 2012 | Fafo-report 2012:30
No place like home? - Challenges in family reintegration after trafficking The Fafo/NEXUS Institute project: Improving services to trafficked persons
17 February 2012 | Fafo-report 2012:29
A fuller picture - Addressing trafficking-related assistance needs and socio-economic vulnerabilities The Fafo/NEXUS Institute project: Improving services to trafficked persons
16 February 2012 | Fafo-report 2012:28
Out of sight? - Approaches and challenges in the identification of trafficked persons The Fafo/NEXUS Institute project: Improving services to trafficked persons
13 March 2010 | Fafo-rapport 2010:45
Pusterom eller ny start? Evaluering av refleksjonsperioden for ofre for menneskehandel
07 March 2007 | Fafo-report 2007:40
Leaving the past behind? When victims of trafficking decline assistance
18 February 2006 | Fafo-rapport 525
Afrikanske drømmer på europeiske gater Nigerianske kvinner i prostitusjon i Norge
28 February 2005 | Fafo-report 493
Taking Stock A review of the existing research on trafficking for sexual exploitation
08 February 2004 | Fafo-report 432
Facing a Baltic Invasion? Mobility of Baltic Labour towards the Nordic Countries
04 February 2004 | Fafo-report 426
Crossing Borders An Empirical Study of Transnational Prostitution and Trafficking in Human Beings
27 January 2003 | Fafo-paper 2003:04
Alcohol Consumption in the Baltic States Developments from 1994 to 1999
24 January 2002 | Fafo-paper 2002:05
Opportunities and Choices Women’s employment and family change in Latvia in the 1990s
Scientific publications
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2019 | Dissertations | Duo.uio.no
Illuminating and blinding The searchlight effect of human trafficking policies on anti-trafficking practice
2016 | Journal articles | Journal of Comparative Social Work
Special rights within universal welfare: Assistance to trafficking victims in Norway
2016 | Journal articles
Doing No Harm—Ethical Challenges in Research with Trafficked Persons
2015 | Journal articles
Innlevelse, kunnskap og erfaring
2012 | External reports
Balancing protection and prosecution in anti-trafficking policies A comparative analysis of reflection periods and related temporary residence permits for victims of trafficking in the Nordic countries, Belgium and Italy
2012 | Journal articles | Forskning og penger
«A penny for your thoughts» – å betale deltakere i forskning
2012 | Journal articles | Qualitative Social Work
Coming home: Challenges in family reintegration for trafficked women
2010 | Journal articles | Irregular migration in a Scandinavian perspective
Irregular migration research in Norway
2010 | Journal articles
Untold Stories: Biases and selection effects in research with victims of trafficking for sexual exploitation
2009 | Journal articles
Det ordner seg for snille jenter
2008 | External reports
Research with irregular migrants in Norway. Methodological and ethical challenges and emerging research agendas
2008 | External reports
GMS-05 SIREN report: Why Victims of Trafficking Decline Assistance
2008 | Journal articles
Agency or illness – conceptualization of trafficking victims’ choices and behaviors in the assistance system
2007 | Journal articles
Når ofre for menneskehandel sier nei til hjelp
2007 | Journal articles
Hjemme best? Situasjonen for hjemvendte ofre for menneskehandel på Balkan og i Øst-Europa
2005 | Journal articles
Describing the Unobserved: Methodological Challenges in Empirical Studies on Human Trafficking
2004 | External reports
Facing a Baltic invation? Mobility of Baltic labour towards the Nordic countries
2001 | Conference papers
Women, work and family in Latvia – tendencies from 1994 to 1999
How are LGBTQ+ employees experiencing working life in Norway today, and how do trade union representatives and employers address issues related to gender and sexual diversity? In this project, Fafo examines how the working conditions of LGBTQ+ employees are handled in the labour market, with a particular focus on guidelines and the experiences of trade union representatives.
Persons who stay in Norway for more than six months must, as a general rule, register as having moved to Norway and be registered in the National Register with a so-called birth number (f-number). Immigrants to Norway who plan to stay in the country for less than six months can be registered with a "d-number", necessary, for instance, for being issues a tax card. Concerns have been raised that immigrants, even with period of residence exceeding six months, may have difficulties in being registered with an f-number. This may have an impact on their access to rights, such as a GP.
Labour migrants are vulnerable in the limited and pressured Norwegian housing rental market. Rental prices have risen sharply, especially in the last two years. Around half of migrant workers from Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Romania rent housing.
In this project, Fafo summarizes the forms labour trafficking takes in Norway today, and what is known about the relationship between recruitment practices and forced labour and labour trafficking.
The project will test a methodology to estimate the extent of human trafficking in Norway and contribute to better regional and international estimates by participating in the work of the UN Office on Drugs and Organised Crime (UNODC) to develop Multiple Systems Estimation (MSE) in different countries and regions. There are currently no such reliable estimates of human trafficking in Norway and there is a high demand for reliable statistics in this area. MSE is a variant of the capture-recapture method, which UNODC has adapted to data on human trafficking.
In this research project, Fafo will contribute to the increased knowledge about the prevalence of and efforts against human trafficking for labour exploitation.
